By Bodo Ellmers
The 2025 Spring Meetings of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank took place against the backdrop of two new and rather unexpected shocks. The first was the trade shock caused by the USA’s announcement of tariff hikes, which triggered similar actions by US trading partners. The second was the aid shock caused by massive cuts in official development assistance (ODA) made by donor countries on both sides of the Atlantic.
Although the full impact [...]
